Project Sagarmala
What is Project
Sagarmala?
·
China’s
String of Pearls = aims to surround India by developing ports in neighbor
countries and possible convert them in military base at later stage.
·
But
Project Sagarmala only aims to improve India’s maritime infrastructure by
modernizing existing major and minor ports of India and setting up new ports.
·
In
2003, then Prime Minister, Mr. Atal Bihari Vajpayee proposed Project Sagarmala with following features:
Ø Setup Sagarmala
Development Authority (Similar to National highway authority of India)
Ø Will get money via
Maritime development cess. (5 paise per kg on cargo)
Ø Will improve ports,
shipping industry, inland water transport, coastal shipping
PPP and FDI to gather more
investment
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Major Ports on West
Coast (6)
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#
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Artificial /
Natural
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Name
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State
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1
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Natural
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Jawaharlal
Nehru, Nhava Shewa
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2
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Natural
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Mumbai,
1873
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3
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Natural
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Kandala,
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In
1950s, because
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First
EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone) in
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4
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Natural
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Marmugoa
–Tidal Port
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@
Zuvari estuary
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5
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Artificial
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New
Mangalore
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Karnataka
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Deep
port; all-weather
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6
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Natural
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Cochin/Kochi;
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Kerala
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Major Ports on East
Coast (7)
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7
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Natural
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Tuticorin – V O Chidambaranar Port
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Tamil Nadu
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8
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Artificial
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Chennai; all-weather
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9
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Artificial
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Ennore – Private Port
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10
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Natural
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Vishakhapatnam
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Andhra Pradesh
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Newly proposed: Dugarajapatanma
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11
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Artificial
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Paradeep (man made lagoon)
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Odisha
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12
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Natural
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Haldia / Kolkata
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West Bengal
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Riverine Port
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Oldest
major
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Need
constant dredging to keep depth
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Newly
proposed:
Sagar
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13
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Natural
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Port
Blair
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Andaman & Nicobar Islands
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Declared
as 13th major port in 2010
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* à Some books mention
Chennai to be the oldest port, but Government sites maintain that Kolkata is
the oldest port.
States with highest Minor ports: Maharashtra
>> Gujarat >> A&N >>Tamil
Nadu >> Kerala
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Coastline
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7516.6 kms
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Maritime States
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5 on west coast
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4 on east coast
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Major ports
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13 + 2* (proposed)
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Under the Union Government
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Handles 57% of traffic
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Minor Ports
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> 180
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Under the State Governments
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Handle 43% of traffic, but higher growth
rate than major ports
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FDI
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100% permitted
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Ship Breaking industry
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