The above Questions in pdf:-
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Jun 30, 2016
[QandA] Economics - Mains Mock Questions
Jun 29, 2016
[CA] Brexit
Brexit
BREXIT – Abbreviation of “British Exit” refers to the
possibility of Britain’s withdrawal from the European Union
People of Britain in a historic
referendum voted in favour of leaving European Union (EU). The referendum ‘to
leave’ or ‘to be a member’ of EU saw 51.9% votes in favour compared to 48.1% in
against. Referendum turnout was higher
than at 2015 general election. Northern Ireland, London and Scotland voted
strongly to stay back with the EU while the Wales and the English shires backed
Britain exit (Brexit) from the EU.
Why the people voted for Brexit?
According to Brexit campaigners, concerns about the costs
of continued EU membership far outweigh any worries about leaving.
Impact of Brexit
·
Prime Minister David Cameron announced his resignation
from his position. (He stated that new Prime Minister to carry out discussions
with the EU and invoke Article 50 of the Lisbon Party)
·
The pound fell to its lowest level against the dollar
since 1985 as the markets reacted to the results. It fell by 3% within moments
of the first result showing a strong result for Leave in Sunderland and fell as
much as 6.5% against the euro.
·
The departure of the bloc's second biggest economy
would weaken Europe's unity and stability which is already grappling with the
Greek financial crisis and a massive influx of refugees.
·
It triggered fall in major markets like Japan’s Nikkei
fell by 7.5% whereas Singapore’s Strait Times fell by 2.5%. Even the stock
markets of China, Taiwan and South Korea registered a fall between 2-4%.
·
Internationally, prices of oil tumbled but the prices
of gold rose sharply.
·
According to S&P Dow Jones Indices, Global markets
lost $2.08 trillion
·
President Obama sought to encourage British citizens
that the U.S. would not abandon the nations’ strong and historic partnership
·
Moody’s Investors Service downgraded the U.K.’s
sovereign debt rating from stable to negative.
·
More than 400,000 Britain people have signed a
petition to exit from the EU
Impact on India
·
The benchmark 30-share BSE Sensex index fell as much
as 4.04 percent or 1090.9 points in early trade to a day’s low of 25,911.33
points.
·
The Indian rupee fell to 68.14 against the dollar, its
lowest level since February 2016, later it crawled to 67.79.
Would be Impacts include
·
Productivity and GDP per person of the UK would be
lower as the costs would substantially outweigh any potential benefit of
leaving the EU.
·
It may lead to disintegration of United Kingdom as an
entity because Scotland may again ask for a referendum to be a part of EU as it
had a referendum on 19 September 2014.
·
Other nations of the 28 nation bloc, now 27 with exit
of Britain, may call for a referendum giving rise to protectionism and
ultra-nationalism which is getting hardened across the world.
·
IMF said in an April report that "a U.K. exit
from Europe's single market would also likely disrupt and reduce mutual trade
and financial flows, curtailing key benefits from economic cooperation and
integration, such as those resulting from economies of scale and efficient
specialization.
It
would likely result in a massive rebalancing of currencies. Investors would
likely dive out of the British pound and into cash that's perceived as safe —
the Swiss franc, the Japanese yen, the U.S. dollar. The euro could also see
some weakening if investors are worried about the fate of the EU.
Jun 28, 2016
[CA] India joins MTCR
India in MTCR
India (on June 27, 2016) became the 35th
full member of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR). This entry would
be mutually beneficial to enhance global non-proliferation norms. The
instrument of accession to MTCR for India was signed in New Delhi by Foreign
Secretary S Jaishankar. The entry also marks India's first entry into any
multilateral export control regime.
The MTCR Point of Contact in Paris
conveyed the decision regarding India's accession to the regime through the
French Embassy in New Delhi as well as the Embassies of The Netherlands and
Luxembourg.
·
India's entry into the regime as its thirty-fifth
member would be mutually beneficial in the furtherance of international
non-proliferation objectives.
·
It entered this multilateral export control regime
with the support of all thirty-four MTCR Partners. In 2015, India’s membership
to the group was blocked by Italy.
·
MTCR membership will now enable India to buy high-end
missile technology and also enhance its joint ventures with Russia.
What is MTCR?
Set up in 1987 by G-7 countries, the aim
of the MTCR is to restrict the proliferation of missiles, complete rocket
systems, unmanned air vehicles and related technology for those systems capable
of carrying a 500 kilogram payload for at least 300 kilometres, as well as
systems intended for the delivery of weapons of mass destruction.
·
India's entry into MTCR comes days after it failed to
get Nuclear Supplier Group (NSG) membership due to stiff opposition from China
and six other countries, namely Austria, Brazil, Ireland, Mexico, New Zealand,
South Africa and Switzerland. Turkey remained neutral. NSG is the 48-country
cartel that controls nuclear exports.
·
Significantly, China, which stonewalled India's entry
into the 48-nation Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) at the just-concluded Seoul
plenary, is not a member of MTCR.
·
India’s inclusion to the Missile Technology Control
Regime means strengthening its own export controls, which will help it to
justify transferring sensitive technology to India in front of other MTCR
members.
·
Further, this may pave the way for India becoming the
member of NSG, Wassenaar Agreement (conventional arms & dual-use goods and
technologies) and Australia Group (chemical weapons).
MTCR: Top five things to know
» MTCR
membership will enable India to buy high-end missile technology and also
enhance its joint ventures with Russia.
» MTCR aims
at restricting the proliferation of missiles, complete rocket systems, unmanned
air vehicles and related technology for those systems capable of carrying a 500
kilogramme payload for at least 300 kilometres, as well as systems intended for
the delivery of weapons of mass destruction (WMD).
» India’s
efforts to get into the MTCR also got a boost after it agreed to join the Hague
Code of Conduct, dealing with the ballistic missile non-proliferation
arrangement, earlier this month.
» India’s
membership had been blocked in 2015 by Italy, which seemed to link it to the
standoff over the detention of the Italian marines. With the return of the
second marine, Salvatore Girone, to Rome on May 29, the sources said, “Italy is
no longer blocking the consensus.”
» China,
which stonewalled India’s entry into the 48-nation Nuclear Suppliers Group
(NSG) at the just-concluded Seoul plenary, is not a member of 34-nation MTCR.
Jun 27, 2016
[CA] Swachhta Mission in 10 Wildlife Sanctuaries, Tiger reserves and National Parks
Swachhta Mission in 10 Wildlife Sanctuaries, Tiger reserves and
National Parks
Union Ministry of Environment and
Forests has decided to implement Swachhta Mission in 10 significant Wildlife
Sanctuaries, Tiger reserves and National Parks and make visitors to use Jute
bag.
Focus: Keeping the Wildlife Sanctuaries,
Tiger reserves and National Parks pollution-free and Ensure cleanliness &
Waste Management.
Plans: Union Government planned to disallow
use of dustbin and plastic bags inside the reserves and Sanctuaries
The
ten places recognised for Swachh Bharat mission
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National Parks
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1
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Gir National Park
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Gujarat
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Wildlife Sanctuary
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2
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Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary
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Andhra Pradesh
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3
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Flamingo Wildlife Sanctuary
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Maharashtra
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Tiger Reserves
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4
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Kanha Tiger Reserve
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Madhya Pradesh
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5
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Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve
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Maharashtra
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6
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Nagarhole Tiger Reserve
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Karnataka
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7
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Periyar Tiger Reserve
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Kerala
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8
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Sariska Tiger Reserve
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Rajasthan
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9
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Mudumalai Tiger Reserve
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Tamil Nadu
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10
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Jim Corbett Tiger Reserve
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Uttarakhand
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·
The sanctuaries are covered over app 1.61 Lakh Sq.km
and about 32 lakh visitors visit the sanctuaries every year
·
The Government decided to implement Standard operating
Procedures or SOP to end the solutions for garbage in addition to cleanliness
of International Excellence level at the sanctuaries.
Swachh Bharat Campaign in Sanctuaries
Held during June 01 to June 15, 2016
Delegates: Principal Chief Conservators of Forest,
Chief Wildlife Wardens, National Tiger Conservation Authority, Wildlife Crime
Control Bureau and other Agencies
It has been decided to continue to implement for the
whole year if it is launched successfully.
About Swachha Bharat:
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Started in October 2, 2014
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Launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi
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Inspiration: Mahatma Gandhi
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Mission: To achieve the goal of Clean India in next
five years so that the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma can be celebrated as
an accomplishment of this duty in 2019
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Focus: Clean India – To make country clean
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