Swachh Bharat Mission
Launched by
|
Prime Minister
Mr. Narendra Modi
|
Launched on
|
Oct 02, 2014 at
New Delhi;
|
Ministry
|
Ministry of Drinking
Water and Sanitation
|
Aim
|
To pave access
for every person to sanitation facilities including toilets, solid and liquid
waste disposal systems, village cleanliness and safe and adequate drinking
water supply
|
An action plan
has been drawn up for Swachh Bharat to become a reality by 2019 (150th birth
anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi)
|
Mission
Aim
|
|
From
|
To
|
Percentage of
toilets
|
3%
|
10%
|
Construction of
toilets
|
14000/day
|
48000/day
|
Action plan calls
for an ODF (Open Defecation Free) India in 5 years time
|
Mechanism
Ø First
- to generate mass movement
Ø Eradication
of manual scavenging
Ø Solid
waste management- convert waste to wealth
Ø Build
toilets
Ø Penalties
like Singapore (although no decision yet).
Ø Roping
in various celebrities
Ø Priority
is given to build toilets for boys and girls in all schools across the country
Issues / Challenges/ Solutions
ü Lack
of sanitation => diseases => poverty => bogus human Development. Therefore,
cleanliness campaign should be extended to include health care too.
ü Most
Indians are good at cleaning their surroundings and then, equally adept at
dumping the refuse.
ü Manual
scavenging yet to be abolished on ground despite SC order.
ü Must
de-stigmatise the act of cleaning. (from labelling the employee)
ü Break
the caste-occupation link.
ü Citizen
vigil group.
ü Total
Sanitation Campaign and Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan = Decentralised, community-led
strategies => but became hardware-supply target-driven programmes => low
coverage and usage. Modi must not repeat the same strategy.
ü Building
toilets alone will not solve the problem of sanitation. It must be kept clean
otherwise no one will use.
ü Schools
don’t have enough funds to hire separate employees for cleaning toilets and IF
students are made to do this work, Media would sensationalize it in negative
manner.
ü States
like Kerala- after achieving high sanitation coverage – still faced poor health
outcomes due to lack of treatment facilities when pits fill up. (problem of secondary
issues like treatment to filled pits after constructing toilets)
ü Total
sanitation campaign and Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan: Government hoped it’d be
“decentralized community driven program” but they became hardware-subsidy
driven solutions. (i.e. financial help to build toilets). But
dirty/non-functional toilets = no one uses.
ü Too
many heads, lack of coordination. Potholes in roads + leftover construction
material lying on roadsides => dirty water & garbage will accumulate.
But who is to be held responsible - Road contractor or government officer
bearers or Both? No proper accountability and punishment mechanism.
ü Celebrity
campaigning turned to Photo-opportunity. Will they regularly revisit the area
to ensure they are kept clean?
ü Need
comprehensive policy for sanitation. Perhaps a law like MNREGA, RTI and RTE to
make clean toilets a “legal-right and responsibility”.
Cleanliness News
v Himachal
Pradesh è
Planning to become the ODF (open defecation free) State by 2019.
v Indore
(Madhya Pradesh) è Social experiment: School-children
given whistle. They can blow it to deter villages defecating in open.
v Rajasthan
è
Wants to amend Panchayat Raj Act: If a person doesn’t have toilet, he can’t
contest local body elections. If Government employees don’t have toilets, their
increments will be withheld. (4 lakh teachers in Rajasthan and 10% of them =
40,000 teachers defecate in the open).
Bal
Swachhta Mission
ü By
Women and Children Ministry
ü Making
children as ambassador of cleanliness
ü Poems,
stories and games to inspire them
ü 6
themes: clean food, water, toilet, personal hygiene, surrounding and
Anganwadis.
[One
Day] Ambassadors of “Clean India” Campaign
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