History
Women
in Indian Freedom Struggle
Freedom Fighter
|
Class
|
Type
|
Notes
|
Aruna Asaf Ali
|
M
|
NV
|
è
Breaking the social conventions, married to a Muslim
Congressman Asaf Ali. Went to prison during CDM and Individual Satyagraha.
Hoisted tricolor @Gowalia tank after Maulana Azad’s arrest.
è
Editor of ‘Inquilab’
a monthly journal of Congress
|
Begum Safia Abdul Wajid
|
R
|
NV
|
è
Rich Muslim Family, Post graduate from Allahabad Univ.
Lost government lecturer job because of her participation in Quit India
movement.
|
Durgabai Deshmukh
|
M
|
NV
|
è
Middle class family, initially couldn’t afford
education but graduated from Andhra.
è
Studied law, practiced in Madras High court.
è
Jailed for salt satyagraha
è
Andhra Mahila sabha for welfare of women.
|
Jyotirmoyee Ganguli
|
?
|
NV
|
è
Left Government job during civil disobedience movement.
è
Took part in the British demonstrations
è
Demanded the release of jailed INA soldiers. Killed by
the British during a procession.
|
Kasturba
|
?
|
NV
|
è
Took part in all the programs of Gandhi, jailed during
Quit India movement and died in Poona jail two years later.
|
Madam Bhikaiji Cama
|
?
|
NV
|
è
Herself influenced by Dadabhai Naoroji, she Inspired
Indian youth in UK, ran newsletter “Bande
Mataram” and organization “free India society”.
è
Unfurled first national flag of India in Germany.
|
Matangini Hajra
|
P
|
NV
|
è
Born in a poor peasant family of Bengal- exploited by
both Zamindars and the British.
è
Dandi March,
è
Campaigned for non-payment of Chowkidari tax- arrested.
è
During Quit India movement, planned an Attack on police
station but killed while hoisting the national flag.
|
Swarup Rani Nehru
|
R
|
NV
|
è
Nehru’s mother
è
Provided moral support and fought for freedom struggle.
|
Rajkumari Amrita Kaur
|
R
|
NV
|
è
Royal family from Punjab
è
Grad. from England, influenced by Gandhi
è
Jailed for quit India movement
|
Rehana Tyabjee
|
R
|
NV
|
è
Affluent family, her father was a Judge.
è
Influenced by Gandhi, joined Sabarmati Ashram, NCM,
opposed Untouchability + child marriage
è
President of Youth congress
è
Jailed for Quit India Movement
è
First Muslim lady to sing Vandemataram in Congress
session
|
Sarojini Naidu
|
?
|
NV
|
è
Graduated from London
è
One of the first women to participate in Freedom
struggle
è
Under mentorship of G. K. Gokhale
è
Later participated in all programs of Gandhi, including
Dandi March
è
Served as President of Indian national congress.
è
Even her daughter Padmaja Naidu, 21, was arrested for
Quit India movement.
|
Cpt. Laxmi Sahgal
|
?
|
R
|
è
Young medical student
è
Became Captain of all-woman Rani of Jhansi regiment of
the Indian National Army (INA) under Subhash Chandra Bose.
è
Led the troops in Burma during WW2, but caught by the
British army.
|
Kalpana Dutt Joshi
|
?
|
R
|
è
Revolutionary from Bengal.
è
Part of Surya Sen’s Chittagong republication army.
Caught and transported for life, later released.
|
Nanibala Devi
|
?
|
R
|
è
Brahmin family. Widowed @ the tender age of 16
è
Joined Jugandhar party, associated with revolutionary
movements.
è
Arrested for transporting weapons and ammunition
è
Was the first and only woman to be tortured by the
police under Regulation III of 1818
è
Calcutta jail’s first woman prisoner.
|
Preetilata Waddedar
|
?
|
R
|
è
Part of Chittagaong revolutionaries of Surya Sen.
è
Organized attacks on British establishments in Bengal.
è
Consumed Postassium cyanide to evade detention and
interrogation.
|
Rani Gaidinliu
|
?
|
R
|
è
Naga Tribal, who organized rebellion to overthrow
British from Manipur.
è
Jailed for 14 years, freed after independence. Given
title “Rani of Nagas”
|
Abbreviations used in the above table:
R = Rich Family
M = Middle class Family
P = Poor Family
? = Not mentioned in book
NV = Non-Violent
R = Revolutionary
==========================================
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