YOUTH POPULATION IN INDIA
Today’s youth is the citizen of tomorrow.
Definitions
of Youth:
UN
|
15 – 24 years. Youth
is clarified as a period of transition from the independence of childhood to
adulthood’s independence and awareness of our independence as members of a community
|
NYP, 2003
|
13-35 years
|
NYP, 2014
|
15-29 years
|
NYP àNational Youth
Policy
|
|
·
Independent India has seen three National
Youth Policies – 1988, 2003 and 2014
Characteristics
of Youth:
Ø It is
period of transition from childhood to full adulthood
Ø A stage of
human development: physiological and biological growth
Ø A phase of
high expectation, enthusiasm and high energy
Ø A stage of
high risk appetite, less corrupt with tendency to contribute for social change
Ø Rebellious,
frustrated and vulnerable to substance abuse.
However, in tradition
sense youth is a period of high expectation and a strong force in the society. Based
on the age group, youth can be further classified into two groups:
13-17
years:
a young person, vulnerable and needs to be protected (teenage)
18-29
years:
stage of maturing and risk taking
Youth
Day:
v Aug 12 is
observed as International Youth Day (IYD) by UN from 2000
v In 1984,
Government of India declared to observe the birth day of Swami Vivekananda (Jan
12) as National Youth Day
v Jan 12 is
observed all over the country at educational institutions with cultural
programmes, conventions, seminars, discussions, competitions for youth and
ports activities.
|
National
Youth Policy, 2014:
Ø By
Ministry of Sports & Youth Affairs
Ø Objective
of NYP, 2014 – to empower youth of the country to achieve their full potential
and through them enable India to find its rightful place in the community of
nations.
Ø 11 priority
areas are included in NYP, 2014
Ø Central
government spends about Rs. 37000 crores on schemes targeted at youth
development in the areas of education, health, skill development (through HRD
Ministry, Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment)
Ø Central
government spends about Rs. 55000 crores on non-targeted schemes planned for
various youth segments of the society (like food subsidies, MGNREGA, health
programmes, etc)
Youth
Population – a comparison:
Country
|
Youth (in years)
|
Afghanistan
|
18-30
|
Bangladesh
|
15-29
|
Bhutan
|
13-24
|
Maldives
|
18-35
|
Nepal
|
16-40
|
Pakistan
|
15-29
|
Sri Lanka
|
15-29
|
Mauritius
|
14-29
|
India
|
15-29
|
UN
|
15-24
|
Distribution
of youth in Indian States:
The below information
is based on NYP, 2003 and Census 2001
Youth population
|
States / UTs
|
10% and above
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
7 – 10%
|
Bihar, Andhra
Pradesh, West Bengal, Maharashtra
|
5 – 7%
|
Rajasthan, Karnataka,
Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu
|
3 – 5%
|
Odisha
|
1 – 3%
|
Jammu &
Kashmir, Delhi, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Jharkhand, Punjab, Assam
|
Less than 1%
|
Lakshadweep, Daman
& Diu, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Andaman & Nicobar Is, Sikkim, Mizoram,
Chandigarh, Arunachal Pradesh, Puducherry, Goa, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Manipur,
Tripura, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand
|
According to 2011
census (youth 15-29 years), the top 3 states with maximum youth population
percentage are:
1) Uttar
Pradesh (4.56%)
2) Maharashtra
(2.63%)
3) West
Bengal (2.13%)
The lowest percentage
of youth population (0.03%) are found in Arunachal Pradesh, Goa and Mizoram
Young
People: India & World
Young People: India & World – At a
Glance
|
||
World
|
India
|
|
Youth Ages, 10-24
years (millions), 2013
|
1, 809.6
|
362.0
|
Youth Ages, 10-24,
% of Total Pop, 2013
|
25
|
28
|
Youth Ages, 10-24,
(millions), 2050
|
1, 884.9
|
340.9
|
Youth Ages, 10-24,
% of Total Pop, 2050
|
20
|
20
|
Youth
Development Index (YDI):
Ø YDI was
developed in India in 2010 by Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development
(RGNIYD) and Tata Institute of Social Sciences
Ø Main
purpose of YDI is to enable assessment of the status of youth in the country,
facilitate comparison between the States and UTs and also be able to identify
the gaps which need policy intervention
Ø Indicators
of YDI
(1) Health
(2) Education
(3) Work
(4) Amenities
(5) Participation
HDI & YDI
|
|||
Rank (HDI)
|
States
|
Rank (YDI)
|
States
|
1
|
Kerala
|
1
|
Himachal Pradesh
|
2
|
Delhi
|
2
|
Goa
|
3
|
Himachal Pradesh
|
3
|
Delhi
|
4
|
Goa
|
4
|
Kerala
|
Ranking
of States on YDI:
State/UT
|
YDI
|
Himachal Pradesh
|
0.590
|
Goa
|
0.588
|
Delhi
|
0.587
|
Kerala
|
0.579
|
Maharashtra
|
0.555
|
Mizoram
|
0.553
|
Tamil Nadu
|
0.549
|
Sikkim
|
0.540
|
Meghalaya
|
0.532
|
Punjab
|
0.527
|
Uttarakhand
|
0.527
|
Karnataka
|
0.525
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
0.514
|
Gujarat
|
0.510
|
Haryana
|
0.506
|
Manipur
|
0.503
|
Jammu & Kashmir
|
0.490
|
Nagaland
|
0.487
|
Arunachal Pradesh
|
0.482
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
0.467
|
Chhattisgarh
|
0.457
|
INDIA
|
0.453
|
Rajasthan
|
0.452
|
West Bengal
|
0.441
|
Odisha
|
0.435
|
Assam
|
0.430
|
Tripura
|
0.428
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
0.424
|
Jharkhand
|
0.410
|
Bihar
|
0.383
|
Schemes
for Youth in the Budget 2014-15:
Schemes
|
Purpose
|
Skill India Program
|
ü National
multi-skill programme, launched in Budget 2014
ü It’ll
give Youth training for employability and entrepreneur skills
ü Even
traditional professions like welders, carpenters, cobblers, masons, blacksmiths,
weavers etc. will be given training and support.
ü It’ll
have convergence with other vocational schemes, to bring maximum output.
|
Revamping
Employment exchanges
|
ü Budget
2014 promised to transform employment exchanges into career centers.
ü They’ll
give counseling services, to help the youth pursue career path based on their
caliber and aptitude
|
Young India leaders
program
|
ü 100
crore allotted for this. Salient features, provisions yet to be announced
|
Village
Entrepreneurship Programme
|
ü Start Up
Village Entrepreneurship Programme for
encouraging rural youth to take up local entrepreneurship programs with an
outlay of Rs. 100 crore rupees to be launched
|
Youth
Ministers & MPs:
ð Ms. Smriti
Irani is the Youngest Cabinet Minister (38 years) and Ms. Najma Heptullah is
the Oldest Cabinet Minister (74 years)
ð Both are
from Rajya Sabha
ð Age: 26
years
ð Mr.
Dushyant Chautala of INLD is the youngest MP in the 16th Lok Sabha
ð Won from
Hisar Lok Sabha Constituency in Haryana
ð Age: 27
ð Mr.
Jayavardhan of AIADMK is the youngest Lok Sabha MP from Tamil Nadu
ð Won from South
Chennai Constituency
==========================================
No comments:
Post a Comment