IRNSS
What is IRNSS?
·
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS).
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2006: Government approved project with ~Rs.1500
crores.
·
American Global positioning system has 24 orbiting
satellites, a global network of ground stations. Thus GPS covers every part of
the world.
·
But, given this small budget, it is beyond ISRO’s limit
to maintain 24 satellites to cover entire globe,
·
Therefore, our GPS will use just seven satellites,
and try to cover India + 1,500 km beyond its borders.
·
HQ: ISRO Navigation Centre at Byalalu, near
Bangalore. It’ll control this system.
7 Satellites of IRNSS
·
3 satellites - These three of the satellites will be
placed over the equator, in the geostationary orbit; they match the Earth’s
rotation and therefore appear from the ground to remain at a fixed position in
the sky.
·
+4 satellites - will be in pairs in two inclined
geosynchronous orbits; from the ground, these satellites will appear to travel
in figures of ‘8’ during the course of a day.
·
All seven IRNSS satellites will be at a height of
about 36,000 km, taking a whole day to circle the Earth.
·
In future, we can add more satellites to increase
coverage surrounding India and one day 25-30 satellites to cover entire earth,
just like American-GPS.
·
So far 6 out 7 satellites launched
IRNSS – 1A
|
IRNSS – 1B
|
IRNSS – 1C
|
|
When
|
Jul 01, 2013
|
Apr 04, 2014
|
Oct 16, 2014
|
Where
|
Satish Dawan
Space Centre - Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh
|
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Launch Vehicle
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PSLV – C22
|
PSLV – C24
|
PSLV – C26
|
IRNSS – 1D
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IRNSS – 1E
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IRNSS – 1F
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IRNSS – 1G
|
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When
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Mar 28, 2015
|
Jan 20, 2016
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Mar 10, 2016
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Apr 28, 2016
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Where
|
Satish Dawan
Space Centre - Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh
|
|||
Launch Vehicle
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PSLV – C27
|
PSLV – C31
|
PSLV – C32
|
PSLV – C33
|
Benefits of IRNSS
·
Will serve both civil and military users.
·
Will provide time-location coordinates on land, sea
and air.
·
Cell phone apps- for mapping, driving, hiking in
jungle and remote areas.
·
Forest department: Putting out wildfire, tracking
endangered animals.
·
Fleet Management e.g. taxi or truck company can
monitor whether their driver is on right path or not.
·
Disaster Management.
·
During war: naval fleet Management, missile
navigation etc.
·
IRNSS will offer two services: (1) Standard
Positioning Service: that will be accessible to anyone; (2) Restricted Service:
Will be available only to the military and other government-authorized users.
·
At present only three countries have their own
global navigation systems: (1) USA - GPS; (2) Russia - GLONASS and (3) China -
Beidou
