74th Anniversary of Quit India Movement
74th Quit India Movement commemoration
is followed throughout the country on August 8, 2016. It is noted that the Quit
India or August Kranthi Movement was launched at the Bombay Session of All
India Congress Committee on August 8, 1942.
About Quit India:-
·
The Quit India Movement, or the India August Movement
(August Kranti), was a civil disobedience movement launched at the Bombay
session of the All-India Congress Committee or more simply by Mohandas
Karamchand Gandhi on 8 August 1942, during World War II, demanding an end to
British Rule of India.
·
The Cripps Mission had failed, and on 8 August 1942,
Gandhi made a call to Do or Die in his Quit India speech delivered in Mumbai at
the Gowalia Tank Maidan. The All-India Congress Committee launched a mass protest
demanding what Gandhi called “An Orderly British Withdrawal” from India.
·
Even though it was wartime, the British were prepared
to act. Almost the entire leadership of the INC was imprisoned without trial
within hours of Gandhi’s speech. Most spent the rest of the war in prison and
out of contact with the masses.
·
The British had the support of the Viceroy’s Council,
of the All India Muslim League, the princely states, the Indian Imperial
Police, the British Indian Army and the Indian Civil Service.
·
Many Indian businessmen profiting from heavy wartime
spending did not support Quit India. Many students paid more attention to
Subhash Chandra Bose, who was in exile and supporting the Axis Powers.
·
The only outside support came from the Americans, as
President Franklin D. Roosevelt pressured Prime Minister Winston Churchill to
give in to some of the Indian demands. The Quit India campaign was effectively
crushed.
·
The British refused to grant immediate independence,
saying it could happen only after the war against the Axis powers had ended.
·
Sporadic small-scale violence took place around the
country and the British arrested tens of thousands of leaders, keeping them
imprisoned until 1945.
·
In terms of immediate objectives Quit India failed
because of heavy-handed suppression, weak co-ordination and the lack of a
clear-cut programme of action.
·
However, the British government realized that India
was ungovernable in the long run due to the cost of World War II, and the
question for postwar became how to exit gracefully and peacefully. For several
weeks there was widespread rioting and the British lost control in some parts
of the country.
·
Only the strongest measures, including the use of
machine guns and aerial bombing, restored their rule – at the cost of thousands
of Indian lives.
·
The British swiftly responded with mass detentions.
Over 100,000 arrests were made, mass fines were levied and demonstrators were
subjected to public flogging. Hundreds of civilians were killed in violence
many shot by the police army.
·
Many national leaders went underground and continued
their struggle by broadcasting messages over clandestine radio stations,
distributing pamphlets and establishing parallel governments.
Celebrations:-
President
Mr. Pranab Mukherjee hosted a reception for freedom fighters. At the ‘At Home’
reception, the President felicitated freedom fighters across the country at the
Rashtrapati Bhavan
Prime Minister, Mr. Narendra Modi Unveils Yaad
Karo Kurbani on the Quit India Day. In order to mark the 70 years of
Independence and 74 years of Quit India Movement, Prime Minister Mr. Narendra
Modi unveiled the ‘Yaad Karo Kurbani’ celebrations at Alirajpur, birthplace of
freedom fighter Chandra Shekhar Azad in Madhya Pradesh on August 8.
On marking this day, Maharashtra Government launched
Quit India II from Swaraj to Suraj Movement which would emphasize on freedom in
literacy, water, Addiction among youth and corruption and also the Chief Minister presented awards to several prize winners in these celebrations.
BJP leader and Union Information and
Broadcasting Minister Mr. Venkaiah Naidu addressed that all the Union Ministers
will visit 150 places all over the country associated with Indian freedom
movement. The list of Ministers and their visiting places as follows:-
|
Mr. Rajnath Singh
(Union Home Minister)
|
Jharkhand, birthplace of Birsa Munda
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Asfaqullah Khan in Uttar Pradesh.
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Mr. Manohar Parrikar
(Union Defence Minister)
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Cellular jail in Andaman and Nicobar Islands
|
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Rewari, Haryana the birthplace of Rao Tularam
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Mr. Arun Jaitley
(Union Finance Minister)
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Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar
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Hiranagar in Jammu and Kashmir.
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Mr. Venkaiah Naidu
(Union Information & Broadcasting Minister)
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Azad Maidan in Mumbai (It is noted that Azad Maidan is from where the
Quit India movement was launched.)
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Thoothukudi in Tamil Nadu, the birthplace of Tamil poet Subramania Bharathiyar
and V O Chidambaram Pillai.
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