Economics
National Food Security Act (NFSA)
India: Per capita availability of Food
Foodgrains
|
~ 185 kg
|
Edible Oil
|
~ 16 kg
|
Milk
|
~ 295 gm / day (higher than world average)
|
Eggs
|
~ 55/year
|
Fruits
|
~ 172 gm/day
|
Vegetables
|
~ 359 gm/day
|
Timeline
Year
|
Events
|
1997
|
* Targeted Public distribution system (TPDS)
* Two tier pricing structure: BPL and APL.
* State Governments decide BPL and APL based
Planning commission
|
2000
|
* Antyoday Anna Yojana
* 25 kg foodgrain per family
* Rice price: Rs.3/kg
* Wheat price: Rs.2/kg
|
2013
|
* National food security act passed
* Bill passed by Lok Sabha on Aug 26, 2013
* Bill passed by Rajya Sabha on Sep 02, 2013
* President gave assent to the Bill on Sep10, 2013
|
Responsibility under Food security act
State
|
|
allot foodgrains to states as per their requirement
|
identifying the eligible households
|
transport food grain to states
|
deliver it to beneficiaries
|
if stock insufficient, then give food allowance to
states
|
if can’t deliver foodgrains to beneficiaries, pay
them food allowance. (
|
·
67%
of Indian population covered.
·
State
Governments have to identify the households in such manner that 75% rural + 50%
urban population covered.
·
States
can use data from socio-economic and caste census (SECC).
Who gets what? Prices and Entitlements in NFSA
Quantitative entitlements
|
|
Household
|
They’ll get ____ foodgrain
|
Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY)i.e. bottom of BPL
population
|
35 kg for entire family
|
Priority household
|
5 kg per person
|
Who gets what & how much?
|
|
Foodgrain
|
Households will pay Rs. ___
per kg
|
Rice
|
3
|
Wheat
|
2
|
Coarse grains
|
1
|
Pregnant Women
|
* free meals @Anganwadi
* Rs. 6000 in installments
|
Children (6 month upto 6 years)
|
Free meal @Anganwadi
|
Children (6 years – 14 years)
|
* free midday meal at school
* take-home rations
|
in case of non-availability of foodgrains
|
*
* States will give to beneficiaries
|
Grievance Redressal Mechanism
State Food Commission
|
* Supervise all entitlements
* Evaluate implementation of this act
* Power of civil court, punish + penalty up to Rs.5000
* 1 chairman+ 5 members + 1 secretary
|
District grievance Redressal officer
|
* First point for complaint under NFSA
* Further appeal to State food officer
* Call centres and helplines
|
Deadlines under Food security Act
·
Law
came into force - July 05, 2013
·
Deadline
to identify eligible households - July 05, 2014 (i.e. within a year)
·
BJP
Government Extended “household-identification” deadline - October 2014
State/UT who implemented
Some of the below listed states
/ UTs implemented the scheme fully or partially.
(01) Haryana
(02) Rajasthan
(03) Himachal Pradesh
(04) Delhi
(05) Punjab
(06) Karnataka
(07) Chhattisgarh
(08) Uttarakhand
(09) Chandigarh
(10) Madhya Pradesh
(11) Bihar
(12) Maharashtra
(13) Jharkhand (July 2015)
(14) Mizoram (July 2015)
(15) Tripura (Sep 2015)
Tamil Nadu objects to NFSA
·
Tamil
Nadu and Chhattisgarh raised concern on the Food Security Bill right form the
first. Both these States has universal PDS type method and puts not constraints
to tits people. But the new act, wants it to be of TDS scheme.
·
In
Tamil Nadu, rice is being given FREE for
1.8 crore families irrespective of their family income or any other constraints
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